Essay on Physiological Disorders - 2646 Words

Physiological disorders: In this assignment I am going to describe two physiological disorder in details, the details that I am going to go into is what the disorder is, signs and symptoms, cause of the disorder, physiological changes as a result of treatment and the factors influencing the development of the disorder, explain the signs and symptoms related to two named physiological disorders, describe the investigations that care carried out to enable the diagnosis of these physiological disorders and assess possible difficulties involved in the diagnosis of the disorders from their signs and symptoms. P1 The two physiological disorders that I am going to talk about are Diabetes and Asthma. Diabetes: What is diabetes?†¦show more content†¦In type 1 is risks will mostly be if it’s genetically. In the family, if anyone that has type 1 diabetes it could be a parent or sibling. Genetics, when checked through clinical trials to see if someone who has a family history of the type. Geography, people living in different places might be affected with diabetes more than someone living in London. Viral experience may trigger the virus if the cells are infected. Low vitamin D levels, like when early drinking of cow’s milk because that’s the common foundation of vitamin D. Other dietary factors like Omega 3 fatty acids offer protection against type 1 diabetes. In type 2 the risks are more to do with obesity and looking after yourself physically and mentally, the older you get you might become obese, lack of exercise not being active and being lazy and overweight. Your diet, when you’re eating unhealthy food all the time. Any family history where you cannot do much about your genetic history but you have been aware and you are ready. As you get older it seems to find you, as you age type 2 diabetes develop as the pancreas pumps less insulin and high blood pressure and high cholesterol are the two major symptoms of pre diabetes. Asthma: What is asthma? 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Robespierre And The Revolution By Oscar E. Segovia

Robespierre and the Revolution Oscar E. Segovia History of Modern France Dr. Rosamond Hooper-Hamersley April 11, 2015 Maximilien Robespierre also known as â€Å"the Incorruptible†, is regarded as one of the most notorious figures of the French Revolution. He became involved in the Revolution in 1789, after he was elected into the Third Estate in the Estates General. He strongly advocated against tyranny but that would all change after he gained leadership of the Committee of Public Safety. France suffered from tyranny under Robespierre’s leadership, which would be known as the Reign of Terror, because of his flawed ideas and blinded perspective during the Revolution. Robespierre was born in Arras, France in 1758. His†¦show more content†¦As a result, he was fired and the people were furious. The people inspired by the American Revolution and the Enlightenment, began to revolt. Events such as the Storming of Bastille and Woman’s March of Versailles proved that the revolution was strong. Louis XVI as a result planned to flee to Austria and regain control of France with the help of Leopold II. His attempt to escape became known as the King’s Flight. Louis XVI was quickly captured in nearby Varennes. After facing trial, he would lose his title as king and be executed by means of the guillotine as Louis Capet. His death would mark the end of monarchy but not the end of tyranny and the revolution. By this time, Robespierre was well acquainted with the revolution and those involved. As a lawyer, Robespierre was known for defending the poor and his long speeches. These qualities would help propel him to the top. He was strongly influenced by the Enlightenment and his love for classical tradition. The biggest influence on him was Jean-Jacques Rousseau and his famous work The Social Contract. Maximilien would derive many of his policies and ideals from Rousseau’s The Social Contract. His introduction to the revolution would come through his election as deputy into the Third Estate in 1789 during the Estates General. The Estates General consisted of the assembly of the First Estate or the clergy, the Second Estate or the

Case Study on Chatime Free Sample Solution

Questions: The head office of Taiwanese franchise Chatime wants the chain to become the Starbucks of tea. Local master franchisor Charley Zhao would be happy to emulate the success of Boost juice but marketing and franchising experts reckon the task ahead will be hard to swallow. You see, Zhao has made a splash with Chatime by trying to capture the Asian-Australian market, predominantly those of Chinese ancestry. To do that, he has focused on locations that have a dominant Asian population. His marketing was focused on Mandarin-language media and sponsoring concerts by Chinese pop stars. And he targeted Asian franchisees. Obviously if we were targeting mainstream in the beginning, it would be a lot harder that targeting Asians. We used the strategy to go that way, he says. Are You Daunted by the Thought of due Case Study ? Avail Our Services and Receive Case study Help from experts. In terms of getting early, quick wins, the strategy has worked. Since the first Chatime store opened in September 2009 in the Sydney suburb of Hurstville (47.5 percent Chinese according to the 2011 Census), there are now 43 outlets around the country. The chain turned over $8.5 million in 2011-12. Now Zhao wants to open more outlets, his aim is 50 by the end of the year but he needs to move out of traditionally Asian suburbs populated by first and second generation immigrant families as well as foreign students. Zhao is confident that a mainstream audience will embrace the tea brand, but his franchisees are not so sure. Plenty of his 29 franchisees are keen to open a second outlet, but baulk at opening in a suburb, like, say, Cronulla or a typically Caucasian regional town. We do all the research to tell them that the other areas may be good but ... theyre maybe not confident in thinking that local mainstream markets will love this drink, he says. The problem is that Zhao has taken a particular route to market and while theres no doubting his drive, tenacity and desire to make it work, he may have placed his business into an Asian pigeonhole from which it will be hard to emerge. Australia has a broad demographic, and by initially limiting the marketing and brand visibility to certain suburbs and ethnicities, Zhao and his team were limiting their potential customer base, marketing academic from the Australian School of Business, Paul Patterson, says. At the moment these brands are sending signals that its only for an Asian market. Zhaos challenge is not insurmountable, but it should serve as a lesson for foreign brands (especially those with a strong ethnic flavour or product suite) arriving in Australia. Chatime is not alone in this regard. The market leader in the Asian tea market is Easy Way, but other brands such as GingCha have recently opened stores. (The fruit and milk based drinks are recognisable by the chewy tapioca pearls or bubbles also known as bubble tea). Similarly, an Australian brand moving overseas may need to think twice about its own expansion strategy. Zhao has three problems to solve, the experts say. They are related and flow into each other. First, he needs to ensure Chatimes product fits the local, mainstream market. Then he needs to focus on an educative marketing campaign that changes consumers perceptions about the brand. Finally, he needs to persuade franchisees to open outside Asian-heavy suburbs. An hour long chat over grapefruit green tea (hold the pearls, Zhao is on a diet) shows the Chinese-born businessman is aware of these three challenges. In fact, his weight watching choice informs the first problem. Just as McDonalds introduced the Aloo Tikki burger when it expanded into India, catering to locals taste for the spiced potato party snack of the same name, franchises need to be prepared to adjust their products to fit new markets. Chatime has introduced skim and soy milk and also allows customers to customise their sugar levels. I think this is something that the mainstream market will be quite interested in, says Zhao. Franchise guru and managing director of DC Strategy, Rod Young, says this is a good start. He notes that the failure of sugar-heavy American brands, such as Cinnabon, to proper in Australia was because they gave us a heart attack. American food has more sugar than an Australian palate demands, he says. Your teeth feel like theyre going to fall out. To address this problem, Young advocates talking to your target customers. Focus groups will really come to the fore in telling you what your menu lines are like, he says. Although premium pearl milk tea is Chatimes best seller globally, fruit-based teas and smoothies perform more strongly in Australia than they do in Taiwan. This is because the Australian marketplace likes more fresh and more healthy products. Zhao says, To tap into this sentiment, Zhao has overhauled the design of Chatime. A bright, cartoonish purple was the launch colour but now the store interiors are a pale green with bamboo details. Purple doesnt give people a feeling of fresh, he says. Tea leaves are on display to show the natural side of the brand. Zhao wants to court a mature customer, leaving the teenagers to his competitors, so he avoids the moniker of bubble tea and also wants Chatime to be known as the tea experts. We really want to focus on people who are well educated, who know the benefits of drinking tea. Thats why our branding and wording is quite mature and serious. Were trying to tell people, Yes, we are the experts, trust us, drink our tea, youll get healthy. When a Chatime outlet opened in Sydneys QVB shopping centre, Zhao says giving out free samples from the flagship location introduced the product to a more diverse audience. He is also embarking on a fresh marketing drive, which he hopes will persuade current and potential franchisees of the brands potential to catch the attention of non-Asian customers. We really want to be like Boost Juice, the Shanghai-born Zhao says. The 33-year-old first arrived in Australia as a student in 2001. He completed two masters degrees and worked in banking and finance roles to accumulate enough wealth to back a master franchise agreement. After a six-month reconnaissance mission in Taiwan in late 2008 to meet potential partners, he was impressed by the desire of Chatimes head office to become a kind of a tea Starbucks. But DC Strategys Rod Young has sober advice for such plans. I think that these niche markets are creating terrific opportunities and I would encourage any organisation to not to be all things to all people, he says. Theres nothing invalid about focusing on a particular ethnic market and maximising the market penetration in those markets. References Adapted from Jessica Gardener, A Taste for Rapid Growth, BRW, (13 September 2012), www.brw.com.au. Required:1. What is Chatimes strategic goal? What kind of problems could there be with this kind of strategic goal?2. Define what you think is Chatimes sustainable competitive advantage in the beverage outlet industry.3. In industry terms, what are the challenges that Chatime may have in implementing their expansion strategy?4. Considering their current circumstances, what internal capabilities may Chatime have to develop to achieve their strategic objective? Answers: 1. The strategic goal of Chatime according to the case study is that they focused on Chinese customers. They made promotions in mandarin language which conveyed their Chinese customers only. Even after expanding their business in Australia they focused keeping their stores available to place where the Chinese populations are more. Chatimes prime aim was to capture the Asian-Australian market. Now Zhao, the local master franchiser aims to release more outlets. His target is to reach 50 at the year end to which he needs to move out of traditionally Asian border populated by second and first generation immigrant families as well as overseas students. This kind of strategy is not effective because it targets a particular group of customers and not others. In order to attract customers of different culture it needs to understand the customers need or survey their preference and tastes. Like McDonalds adopted a strategy in India that they introduced potato burger as their Indian customers were mostly vegetarian. The business will have Less scope to diversify: following the strategy of targeting a particular group of customers a company cannot diversify it is a disadvantage because diversifying helps in financial gain. Because after acquiring and going for a joint venture a company gets the generate profit from the business and along with it the borrowing power and cash flow also generates (Proctor, 2008). Concentrated market: if the market for the company becomes concentrated to only a particular type of customers then the product becomes focus product and the organization gets a tough competition with its customers. Moreover its market share also decreases. While targeting new customers the base of customers also increases (Boone Kurtz, 2013). Customers: if the product targets a specific group of customers then it is quite obvious that if the product is introduced to other types of customers then the acceptability will be less for the product. Customers may not prefer to buy the product and a premature evaluation plays its role. If a product is targeted to a particular group of customers then the company misses out to reach those customers who may seem to like the product. Suppose if a chocolate manufacturer aims to target children for that product then it may happen that the teenagers as well as the adults may prefer to have that chocolate this means focusing on the children for that chocolate will make them lose a good number of adult and teenage customers (Ferrell Hartline, 2010). 2. The competitive advantage of Chatime can be divided in to three parts: 1. Quality: Chatime uses standard machines for producing coffee and tea machines so as to produce the best quality drinks so as to make the beverage acceptable to its customer. Chatime uses imported tea which is best in their own countries and the ingredients are also highly appreciative minus preservatives and additives. Chatime collects designs and concept from the Japanese producers of teas, and also takes indication from the Japanese concept of quality control (Beall, 2010).2. Innovation: cha time has a vast availability of teas and coffee, they have many series of tea along with variety of toppings and coffee as well. They have series of fruit teas, fresh teas, mousse series, QQ jelly series, 9 refreshing juice and oriental pop-tea. Apart from the various range of teas, they also use unique ingredients for making their products. They have a product named White Pearl which has been their bestseller (ShaolinTiger - Kung-Fu Geekery, 2011). These White Pearl teas are made from the e xtract of seaweed which has high fiber and low calories and sugar. There are considerably other teas also which are very innovative like the milk tea of red bean pearl.3. Promotional Strategy: Chatime has a very unique style of promotion. Chatime initially focused on the Asian market specially the Chinese people. They had the idea that Chinese people would prefer tea and their products for which they provided promotions in mandarin language. This is a cultural proximity strategy which was sure to capture the attention of the Chinese people. They have much product promotional strategy in which they provide many facilities for their customers.Chatime focused in providing healthy teas of fruit flavors to their customers because their customers were more interested on having healthy food. Chatime not only provided healthy products but also stressed on providing their customers fresh products. To this, the sale had been quite well. Through their products they aimed to establish that they are expert in producing teas helps their consumers maintain a healthy life (Cavusgil Knight, 2009). 3. The problems or the challenges of Chatime are: Ensuring that the product would fit the mainstream and the local market Focusing on educative campaign for marketing that would change the perception of the consumer And persuading the franchisee for opening stores outside the suburbs where only Asian resides. These three were the main challenge of Chatime for expansion strategy, but in industrial terms Chatime had competitors in the market. Competitors are always a challenge for a company and so did Chatime have its competitors like Ghingcha and the market leading Easy Way. Ghingcha had also newly opened stores along with Chatime therefore a high possibility of competition was there. To this problem and the problem for entering into the market there was a sheer requirement to understand the need of the non-Asian consumers. For any launch of product the company makes a survey of the needs and the preferences of the customers and with the help of the survey the company proceeds in introducing the product into the market (Samli, 2013). What Chatime understood is that the Australian preferred sugarless and healthy beverages. They were tired of the American products which not only had high calories but also increased sugar level that may cause various health issues to the people. Chatime intro duced at first skimmed milk and soya milk keeping in mind about their health conscious customers, and this turned out to be a good start for the company (Reviews, 2013). 4. In order to develop for to reach their strategic goal Chatime needs to focus on its internal capability. For this the service plays a key role. A company not only survives for its innovative strategy, product quality and promotions but also with its unique service system. With three prominent differentiated products Chatime has its own demand and group of customers but a strategic goal requires services that would help them to retain their customers. This can be done by creating customer loyalty, and for customer loyalty the employees need to be efficient in their service. Cha time has a specialized research and management team and they have exceptional product innovation policies along with good quality system of audit (Chatime.com.au, 2015). The tea testers and the tea developers are professional and the company has a high quality of technology used for its product. Cha time needs to strengthen their customer relations and make their product available to nearby locations. Chatime have to develop their customer service, their number of stores and an ambience for their customers in order to set their mood of having tea. A store location and its environment is significant consideration. It is because a good space a good environment makes the customer stays for a long time (Baines Fill, 2011). Not only that, a good ambience attracts a good number of customers. In order to do so Chatime required a unique color that would depict their product quality and services. Where a bright purplish color was used for its launch there they needed a good color choice for their store because purple and green seemed to be not suitable. References 1. Baines, P., Fill, C. (2011). Marketing (2nd ed., p. 756). Oxford University.2. Beall, A. (2010). Strategic Market Research: A Guide to Conducting Research That Drives Businesses(p. 122). iUniverse.3. Boone, L., Kurtz, D. (2013). Contemporary Marketing (16th ed., p. 784). Cengage Learning.4. Cavusgil, S., Knight, G. (2009). Born global firms. [New York, N.Y.] (222 East 46th Street, New York, NY 10017): Business Expert Press.5. Chatime.com.au,. (2015). Home - Chatime. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://chatime.com.au/6. Ferrell, M., Hartline, D. (2010). Marketing Strategy (5th ed., p. 768). South-Western.7. Proctor, T. (2008). Strategic Marketing: An Introduction (2nd ed., p. 352). Routledge.8. Reviews, C. (2013). Studyguide for effective management by williams, chuck, isbn 9781435462878. [S.l.]: Cram101 Incorporated.9. Samli, A. (2013). International consumer behavior in the 21st Century. New York, NY: Springer.10. ShaolinTiger - Kung-Fu Geekery,. (2011). Chatime Gongcha - The Latest Craze In Malaysia - Pearl Tea - ShaolinTiger - Kung-Fu Geekery. Retrieved 22 March 2015, from https://www.shaolintiger.com/2011/06/06/chatime-gongcha-the-latest-craze-in-malaysia-pearl-tea/

Sleepy people the dangers of sleep deprivation Essays - Sleep, Nap

Sleepy people the dangers of sleep deprivation Do this test tonight when you go to bed. Put a plate on the floor next to your bed. Lie down with one hand hanging over the bed holding a spoon above the plate. When you fall asleep, the spoon will fall on the plate and should wake you up. If you dont wake up until the next day, it probably means you are sleep deprived. We live in a world of tired, sleep deprived people. This is the theory of behavioural biologist, Paul Martin. In his book Counting Sheep, he describes a society which is just too busy to sleep and which does not give sleeping the importance it deserves. We all know the importance of having a healthy diet and doing exercise, but we dont worry enough about sleeping the hours we need. Paul Martin says: We might live longer and happier lives if we took our beds as seriously as our running shoes. So much to do, so little time Modern society has invented reasons not to sleep. We are now a 24 / 7 society where shops and services must be available all hours. We spend longer a t work than we used to, and more time getting to work. Mobile phones and email allow us to stay in touch round the clock and late-night TV and the Internet tempt us way from our beds. When we need more time for work or pleasure, the easy solution is to sleep less. The average adult sleeps only 6.2 hours a night during the week, whereas research shows that most people need eight or even eight and a half hours sleep to feel at their best. Nowadays many people have got used to sleeping less than they need and they live in an almost permanent state of sleep debt, owing their bodies perhaps 2530 hours of sleep. Going against nature Until the invention of electric light in 1879 our daily cycle of sleep used to depend on the hours of daylight. People would get up with the sun and go to bed at nightfall. But nowadays our hours of sleep are mainly determined by our working hours (or our social life) and most people are woken up artificially by an alarm clock. During the day caffeine, the worlds most popular drug, helps to keep us awake. 75% of the worlds population habitually consumes caffeine which, up to a point, masks the symptoms of sleep deprivation. Sleepy people What does a chronic lack of sleep do to us? As well as making us irritable and unhappy as people it also reduces our motivation and ability to work. This has serious implications for society in general. Doctors, for example, are often chronically sleep deprived, especially when they are on night call and may get less than three hours sleep. Lack of sleep can seriously impair their mood, judgment, and ability to take decisions. Our politicians are often jet-lagged after crossing time zones. World summit meetings called to deal with a crisis often result in decisions being taken after marathon sessions when everyone is severely sleep deprived. human error caused by tiredness contributed to the worst nuclear accident in history at Chernobyl in 1986. Tired engineers, in the early hours of the morning, made a series of mistakes with catastrophic results. On our roads and motorways lack of sleep kills thousands of people every year. Tests show that a tired driver can be just as dangerous a s a drunk driver. However, driving when drunk is against the law but driving when exhausted isnt. As Paul Martin says, it is very ironic that we admire people who function on very little sleep instead of criticizing them for being irresponsible. Our world would be a much safer, happier place if everyone, whatever their job, slept eight hours a night. SLEEP TIPS 1 Give sleep a high priority in your life. 2 Listen to your body. If you feel tired, you probably need more sleep. 3 Pay off your sleep debt by going to bed half an hour earlier for a few weeks. 4 Have a regular routine try to go to bed at roughly the same time every day. 5 Take a nap during the day (ideally

Analysis of Barthes Toys Essay Example

Analysis of Barthes Toys Paper In his essay, â€Å"Toys†, Roland Barthes is trying to inform the reader about the influence of French toys on children and how those toys have lost their creative side as more toys were produced to mimic the adult life. All the traits that French people acquire are created by the society and those particular traits are socialized into the toy that is being produced. Barthes states in his essay that The fact that French toys literally prefigure the world of adult functions obviously cannot but prepare the child to accept them all, by constructing for him, even before he can think about it (35). By handing a toy to a child, parents send them a message and that message is to accept this toy and let it shape their life since they can’t use their imaginations to create something else. Barthes succeeds in his writing because he gives examples of toys that prefigure the adult world in France and toys that used to spark creativity in kids before so he does succeed in explaining the influence of French toys on children. A toy that supports Barthes’ conclusions about French toys is a small kitchen set which is created to prove to the girls that their role in the society is to cook in the house and be a stay at home mom or wife. An American toy that provides a counter-example to Barthes’ conclusions could be a teddy bear since this plush toy does not mimic the adult world in any manner nor does it prepare a child for rules in society. We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Barthes Toys specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Barthes Toys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Analysis of Barthes Toys specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Ronald Barthes is not fair in his conclusions due to the fact that he is generalizing that all French people provide toys in order to prepare their children for future roles in society. Barthes generalizes by saying that â€Å"all the toys one commonly sees are essentially a microcosm of the adult world† (34). Barthes classifies all toys into the same category which are toys that imitate the adult world but I’m sure that there are French children who get toys that let them express their creativity. Not all toys are made to mimic the adult world so Barthes is being unfair in his conclusions. Barthes’ conclusions don’t hold true in the United States for the simple fact that all the toys that are sold here don’t mimic the adult world. Toys such as building bricks or coloring books leave most of the imagination to children so they are not meant to make the kids act like adults who take on specific roles in the society. United States does have toys that represent different roles in the society but those are not the only toys that are being sold here and that’s why Barthes’ conclusions do not hold true in the United States.

Biography of Juan Ponce de León, Conquistador

Biography of Juan Ponce de Leà ³n, Conquistador Juan Ponce de Leà ³n (1460 or 1474–1521) was a Spanish conquistador and explorer who was most active in the Caribbean in the early part of the 16th century. His name is usually associated with the exploration of Puerto Rico and Florida, where, according to popular legend, he searched for the legendary Fountain of Youth. He was wounded in an Indian attack in Florida in 1521 and died in Cuba shortly thereafter. Fast Facts: Juan Ponce de Leà ³n Known For: Exploring the Caribbean and discovering FloridaBorn: 1460 or 1474 in Santervs de Campos, SpainDied: July 1521 in Havana, CubaSpouse: LenoraChildren: Juana, Isabel, Maria, Luis (some sources say three children) Early Life and Arrival in America Ponce de Leà ³n was born in the Spanish village of Santervs de Campos in the current-day province of Valladolid. Historical sources generally agree that he had several blood ties to an influential aristocracy, but his parents are unknown. His date of arrival in the New World isnt certain: Many historical sources place him on Columbus second voyage (1493), while others claim that he first arrived with Spaniard Nicols de Ovandos fleet in 1502. He could have been on both and gone back to Spain in between. In any event, he arrived in the Americas no later than 1502. Farmer and Landowner Ponce de Leà ³n was on the Island of Hispaniola in 1504 when native Indians attacked a Spanish settlement. Ovando, by then  the governor of Hispaniola, sent a force in reprisal that included Ponce de Leà ³n as an officer. The natives were brutally crushed. He must have impressed Ovando because he was awarded a choice piece of land that came with a number of natives to work it, as was the custom at the time. Ponce de Leà ³n made the most of this plantation, turning it into productive farmland and raising vegetables and animals including pigs, cattle, and horses. Food was in short supply for all the expeditions and exploration taking place, so he prospered. He married a woman named Leonor, an innkeeper’s daughter, and founded a town called Salvaleà ³n de Higà ¼ey, now in the Dominican Republic, near his plantation. His house still stands and is open for tours. Puerto Rico At that time, nearby Puerto Rico was called San Juan Bautista. Ponce de Leà ³n made a clandestine visit to the nearby island sometime in 1506, probably following rumors of gold. While there, he built a few cane structures at a site that would later become the town of Caparra and, even later, an archaeological site. In mid-1508, Ponce de Leà ³n asked for and received royal permission to explore and colonize San Juan Bautista. He set out in August, making his first official voyage to the island in one ship with about 50 men. He returned to the site of Caparra and began setting up a settlement. Disputes and Difficulties Ponce de Leà ³n was appointed governor of San Juan Bautista the next year, but he quickly ran into trouble with his settlement following the arrival of Diego Columbus. Christopher Columbus son was made governor of San Juan Bautista, Hispaniola, and the other lands his father had found in the New World. Diego Columbus wasnt happy that Ponce de Leà ³n had been given royal permission to explore and settle San Juan Bautista. Ponce de Leà ³ns governorship was later validated by King Ferdinand of Spain, but in 1511, a Spanish court found in favor of Columbus. Ponce de Leà ³n had many friends, and Columbus couldnt get rid of him completely, but it was apparent that Columbus was going to win the legal battle for San Juan Bautista. Ponce de Leà ³n began looking for other places to settle. Florida He asked for and was granted royal permission to explore for lands to the northwest. Anything he found would be his, as Christopher Columbus had never gone there. He was looking for Bimini, a land vaguely described by the Taà ­no natives as a wealthy land to the northwest. On March 3, 1513, Ponce de Leà ³n set out from San Juan Bautista with three ships and about 65 men. They sailed northwest and on April 2 discovered what they took for a large island. Because it was the Easter season (known as Pascua Florida, roughly Easter flowers, in Spanish) and because of the flowers on the land, Ponce de Leà ³n named it Florida. The location of their first landfall is unknown. The expedition explored much of the coast of Florida and several of the islands between Florida and Puerto Rico, such as the Florida Keys, Turks and Caicos, and the Bahamas. They also discovered the Gulf Stream. The small fleet returned to San Juan Bautista on Oct. 19. King Ferdinand Ponce de Leà ³n found that his position in San Juan Bautista had weakened in his absence. Marauding Carib Indians had attacked Caparra and Ponce de Leà ³n’s family had narrowly escaped with their lives. Diego Columbus used this as an excuse to enslave any natives, a policy that Ponce de Leà ³n didnt support. He decided to go to Spain. He met with King Ferdinand in 1514. He was knighted, given a coat of arms, and received confirmation of his rights to Florida. He had barely returned to San Juan Bautista when word reached him of Ferdinand’s death. Ponce de Leà ³n returned once again to Spain to meet with the regent, Cardinal Cisneros, who assured him his rights to Florida were intact. Second Trip to Florida In January 1521, Ponce de Leà ³n started preparations to return to Florida. He went to Hispaniola to find supplies and financing and sailed on Feb. 20. Records of the second trip are poor, but evidence suggests it was a fiasco. He and his men sailed to the western coast of Florida to found their settlement. The exact location is unknown. Soon after they arrived, a ferocious Indian attack drove them back to the sea. Many of Ponce de Leà ³ns soldiers were killed, and he was seriously wounded in his thigh by an arrow that possibly was poisoned. Death The trip to Florida was abandoned. Some of the men went to Veracruz, Mexico, to join conquistador Hernn Cortes. Ponce de Leà ³n went to Cuba in the hopes that he would recover there, but it was not to be. He died of his wounds in Havana sometime in July 1521. The Fountain of Youth According to legend, while Ponce de Leà ³n was in Florida he was searching for the Fountain of Youth, a mythical spring that could reverse the effects of aging. There is little hard evidence that he seriously searched for the spring; mentions appear in a handful of histories published years after he died. It wasnt uncommon for explorers of the time to search for or supposedly find mythological places. Columbus himself claimed to have found the Garden of Eden, and countless men died in the jungles searching for El Dorado, the gilded one, a mythical place of gold and precious jewels. Other explorers claimed to have seen the bones of giants, and the Amazon is named after mythological warrior-women. Ponce de Leà ³n might have been looking for the Fountain of Youth, but it would certainly have been secondary to his search for gold or a good place to establish his next settlement. Legacy Juan Ponce de Leà ³n was an important pioneer and explorer most often associated with Florida and Puerto Rico. He was a product of his time. Historical sources agree that he was relatively good to natives who were assigned to his lands- relatively being the operative word. His workers suffered greatly and rose up against him on at least one occasion, only to be brutally put down. Still, most other Spanish landowners were much worse. His lands were productive and very important for feeding the ongoing colonization effort of the Caribbean. He was known, however, for brutal attacks on indigenous populations. He was hard working and ambitious and might have accomplished much more had he been free of politics. Although he enjoyed royal favor, he couldnt avoid local pitfalls, including constant struggles with the Columbus family. He will forever be associated with the Fountain of Youth, although he was far too practical to waste much time on such an endeavor. At best, he was keeping an eye out for the fountain and any number of other legendary things as he went about the business of exploration and colonization. Sources Fuson, Robert H. Juan Ponce de Leà ³n and the Spanish Discovery of Puerto Rico and Florida. McDonald and Woodward, 2000.Puerto Ricos History, WelcometoPuertoRico.org.

Retail Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Retail Marketing - Essay Example Marks and Spencer made its reputation in the early 20th century by selling â€Å"British made goods† in England. The company introduced St Michael brand in 1928 which was a brand of clothes as well as foods. The company started expanding in 1957 in continental Europe and Ireland and also started selling of Asian food in the European market. The company got reputation for doing business through fair value of money and by this it got trust and brand value from its customers. The history of M&S is known as â€Å"iconic retailers of British Quality Goods†. The company started concentrating on the customers’ taste and preferences at the time of marketing myopia when other companies used to concentrate on the product quality by their won decision and choices. For this effective marketing and promotional strategies through the objective that customer is always and completely right the company got high reputation and brand image for4 its priority to the customers buying behaviour and preferences. After 1970 the company redesigned its packaging style for the food products and started selling food products by showing date of manufacturing. This was one of the important strategies of the company by which it generated huge customer base for the transparency and responsibilities to the customer in terms of ethical busi8ness practice. Since the inauguration of the penny bazaar by Michael Marks in 1984, five key principles have been followed by the company till now. These are quality, value, services, trust and innovation. The company came into Asia by opening first st5ore in Kabul in 1960. It had faced a continuous loss for a long time after 1973 in Canada and in 1999 all the 38 shops were closed due to unprofitable business. The company entered into France by opening few... This paper stresses that the company needs to promote this awareness programme as a part of solid waste positive environment. Generally the customers do not use the packets of the products and these are thrown out after taking away the goods at home. These packets can be the carry bag of per purchase of goods and also can be packets of grocery and food products. This report makes a conclusion that Marks and Spencer has experienced a long tough journey of its business from the very small start of the company. The company has been focusing and emphasised on the customers taste and preferences from its history and developed the brand present image by the trust and reputation from the customers. The company is very much popular in comparatively higher income group of people who only desire the product quality even in higher price. So, it needs to offer medium range priced products to wide its target segment of customers. This will generate more revenue and reduce the risk of competitive disadvantage. The company is very much dedicated to the society, customers, investor, supplier and the environment as these are the major contributor its success and current market share and position in the industry. If the company expand its target segment, it will be one of the leading retail companies in the world in near future in terms of revenue, social res ponsibility and customer satisfaction through efficient service provided by the company.